Manufacture of axes and similar tools



(No Model.)

. J. W. BOWERS.

MANUPAOTURE 0F AXBS AND SIMILAR TOOLS.

No. 352,803. PatentedNov. 16, 1886.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN \V. BOWERS, OF FRANKLIN, ASSIGNOR TO THE DOUGLAS AXE MANU- FAOTURING COMPANY, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

MANUFACTURE OF AXES AND SIMILAR TOOLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 352,803, dated November 16,1886.

Application filed August 30, 1896. Serial No. 212,152. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. BowERs, of Franklin, in the county of Norfolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in the Manufacture of Axes and Similar Tools, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention consists in forming the head of the blank for the desired tool with a concaved surface across it, and then punching the eye, which causes the metal to be forced outward in the direction of the head, and thus produce what may be termed a square or flat headed ax, instead of one with a crown ing or convex head.

In the operation of punching the eye in a solid blank by the methods known in the art of ax-inaking heretofore in use, the metal at the head of the blank is forced outward, so as to distort the blank and produce an irregular bulged or convex surface, which itis necessary to reduce and flatten by considerable subsequent head hammering, and in order to obviate this I form the solid blanks With a concave 2 5 surface across the head end, and then the operation of punching the eye forces the metal in the direction of the head, particularly at the middle portion of the blank, and thereby produces a substantially fiat-headed poll.

In the drawings accompanying this specifi- 3o cation, Figure'l shows a blank for an aX-poll' having the concave surface across the head. Fig. 2 shows the ax-poll produced from such a blank after the eye has been punched. Fig.

3 shows an edge of this punched poll. ,3

Corresponding parts in the several figures are indicated by the same letters.

Ais an aX-poll blank, with the surface of the head concaved at B, and Ois the poll after the eye has been punched, thereby producing'a o The eye tools by first forming a solid blank wit-h a concave surface across the headend, and then punching the eye, thereby producing a head with a flat rectilinear surface, substantially as described.

' .JOHN \V. BOWERS.

, Witnesses:

R. L. ROBERTS,

A. E. LYoNs. 

